Following are major Equipment and material required for flower arrangement:-
- 1. Mechanics
- 2. Equipment
- 3. Containers
- 4. Bases
- 5. Accessories
- 6. Plant material
- 7. Support
MECHANICS
These are items used to keep flowers, foliage, and stems in place within the container. Mechanics must be fixed securely and should be hidden from view.
Examples – florists’ foam (oasis), pin holders (Japanese term – kenzan), chicken wire, prong, adhesive clay and tape, florist cone.
- Floral foam, also called oasis, is a cellular plastic material, available in two types – green foam and brown/grey foam.
- Pin-holders also called kenzan or needle-point holders, is a series of sharply pointed pins are firmly held in a solid lead base, to hold thick and heavy stems securely by impaling them on the pins.
- Chicken wire, also called ‘wire mesh’ or ‘wire netting’, is a fine- gauge wire used to cover floral foam blocks in large displays.
- Prong is the simplest type of floral foam anchor. It is a small plastic disc with four vertical prongs. The base of the prong is attached to the container with adhesive clay and the floral foam is pressed down onto the prongs.
- Florist’s cone also called a ‘flower tube’ or ‘flower funnel’. It acts like a miniature vase. It is used in large arrangements, where foliage or flowers need to be placed above their stem height.
EQUIPMENT
This includes tools used to ensure that a satisfactory arrangement of plant material is created within the container. Examples – bucket, scissors, knife, watering can, mister, wire cutter, cocktail sticks, turn, wire, floral tape, candle holder, cut flower preservatives, and secateurs.
- Mister is a hand-held spray bottle to produce a fine mist of water droplets to keep an arrangement look fresh in warm weather.
- Secateurs are used to cut through thick and woody stems.
- Cocktail sticks or a toothpick is used to make holes in florists’ foam for a soft stem of a flower.
- Cut-flower preservatives is a bactericide, available in powder or liquid form, to prevent slime and smell from developing in the vase water, plus sugar to prolong the life of fresh flowers. A preservative can be made in-house by adding 3 teaspoons of sugar and 1 drop of bleach to half a litre of water.
CONTAINERS
These are receptacles that hold the flower arrangement. They may or may not be hidden by the plant material. The container must be waterproof and neutral colours such as soft grey, dull brown, offwhite, or earth colours are most suitable because they are inconspicuous and do not detract attention from flowers displayed. Theme and simplicity should be kept in mind while choosing the design of the container. Example – vases and jugs, basket, bowls and trays, wreath frame etc.
BASES
An object that is placed underneath the container to protect the surface of the support and/or to add to the beauty of the display is called a base. Example – table mat, tree section, wood base, stone base, and oriental base.
SUPPORT
This refers to the structure on which the container stands. Example – tables, sideboards, alcoves, and shelves.
PLANT MATERIALS
These can be divided into 3 basic types
a) Flowers ( dominant/ focal/ point material) – This consists of bold flowers or clusters of small showy blooms. The dominant material provides a centre of interest. Example – Gerbera, Chrysanthemum, lilies, Anthurium, Tulips, Poppies, Roses, Dahlias, and Daffodils.
b) Fillers ( secondary material) – This consists of smaller flowers and all sorts of leaves and foliage that are used to cover the mechanics and edges of the container and also provide added interest and colour to the display. Example – Asters, Ivy, Button Chrysanthemum, Carnations, Gypsophila (Baby’s breath), Limonium and Marguerites.
c) Foliages ( line material ) – This consists of tall stems, flowering spikes, or bold leaves that are used to create the basic framework or skeleton. This lining material may be straight or curved and it sets the height and width of the finished arrangement. Examples – Gladioli, birds of paradise, goldenrods, larkspur, asparagus ferns, palms, tuberoses, and Peruvian lilies.
ACCESSORIES
These are non-plant materials included in or placed alongside the arrangement.Their purpose is generally decorative but could be functional at times. Accessories are added to the design for extra interest or to ‘stretch’ the flowers when they are in short supply. Example – miniature dolls, hats, ribbons, beads, painted wire, wooden fruit shapes, silk flowers and foliage, candles, driftwood, shells, idols, interesting pebbles etc.
online shopping pharmacy india https://indiaph24.store/# india online pharmacy
buy medicines online in india
mexico drug stores pharmacies: cheapest mexico drugs – purple pharmacy mexico price list
india pharmacy mail order [url=http://indiaph24.store/#]Cheapest online pharmacy[/url] top online pharmacy india
http://canadaph24.pro/# safe canadian pharmacy
mexico pharmacies prescription drugs [url=http://mexicoph24.life/#]cheapest mexico drugs[/url] mexican drugstore online
mexico pharmacy: Mexican Pharmacy Online – buying prescription drugs in mexico online
cheapest online pharmacy india http://indiaph24.store/# top online pharmacy india
india online pharmacy
get cheap propecia without dr prescription [url=https://finasteride.store/#]get cheap propecia without insurance[/url] cheap propecia without insurance
https://ciprofloxacin.tech/# cipro 500mg best prices
tamoxifen adverse effects [url=https://nolvadex.life/#]does tamoxifen cause menopause[/url] does tamoxifen cause menopause
buy cytotec over the counter: buy cytotec pills online cheap – Abortion pills online
where can i buy cipro online [url=http://ciprofloxacin.tech/#]cipro for sale[/url] buy ciprofloxacin over the counter
https://cytotec.club/# Abortion pills online
cytotec online [url=https://cytotec.club/#]cytotec online[/url] buy cytotec over the counter
buying propecia pill: cost of cheap propecia price – order cheap propecia tablets
https://lisinopril.network/# prinivil lisinopril
http://lisinopril.network/# zestril 5 mg tablets
buy generic propecia pill [url=http://finasteride.store/#]buy propecia without prescription[/url] cheap propecia tablets
otc lisinopril [url=https://lisinopril.network/#]order lisinopril 20mg[/url] buy lisinopril 20 mg without a prescription
buy cytotec online: Abortion pills online – Abortion pills online
https://nolvadex.life/# nolvadex steroids
Misoprostol 200 mg buy online [url=http://cytotec.club/#]cytotec abortion pill[/url] buy cytotec over the counter
https://nolvadex.life/# tamoxifen alternatives
propecia prices: buy cheap propecia – buying cheap propecia prices
https://nolvadex.life/# nolvadex for sale amazon
cost propecia for sale [url=https://finasteride.store/#]cost of propecia no prescription[/url] order generic propecia without insurance
order generic propecia without rx: propecia generics – buying generic propecia pills
propecia without insurance [url=http://finasteride.store/#]order generic propecia pills[/url] get cheap propecia without dr prescription
https://finasteride.store/# cost of cheap propecia online
https://nolvadex.life/# п»їdcis tamoxifen
buy cipro online: ciprofloxacin generic – buy cipro online without prescription
where can i buy cipro online [url=https://ciprofloxacin.tech/#]ciprofloxacin generic[/url] cipro ciprofloxacin
http://lisinopril.network/# zestril cost price
https://finasteride.store/# order propecia for sale
medication zestoretic [url=https://lisinopril.network/#]lisinopril 30 mg[/url] lisinopril 20 mg price without prescription
order generic propecia no prescription [url=http://finasteride.store/#]cost generic propecia without dr prescription[/url] buy cheap propecia for sale
tamoxifen menopause: tamoxifen brand name – lexapro and tamoxifen
http://finasteride.store/# buying generic propecia without dr prescription
cipro ciprofloxacin [url=https://ciprofloxacin.tech/#]п»їcipro generic[/url] cipro for sale
how to get nolvadex: tamoxifen chemo – nolvadex only pct
http://nolvadex.life/# nolvadex gynecomastia
http://lisinopril.network/# lisinopril buy without prescription
get cheap propecia tablets [url=http://finasteride.store/#]cost of propecia pill[/url] cost propecia without rx
tamoxifen cyp2d6: lexapro and tamoxifen – does tamoxifen cause joint pain
nolvadex price [url=http://nolvadex.life/#]aromatase inhibitor tamoxifen[/url] tamoxifen effectiveness
get generic propecia price: order cheap propecia without prescription – cost of generic propecia for sale
http://lisinopril.network/# rx 535 lisinopril 40 mg
buying generic propecia without dr prescription [url=https://finasteride.store/#]order generic propecia[/url] cost cheap propecia no prescription
https://lisinopril.network/# lisinopril 10 mg order online
lisinopril 5 mg buy: lisinopril 50 mg price – prinivil 5mg tablet
http://nolvadex.life/# tamoxifen estrogen
buy cytotec in usa [url=http://cytotec.club/#]buy cytotec over the counter[/url] buy cytotec over the counter
https://levitrav.store/# Levitra tablet price
Buy Tadalafil 10mg: Generic Cialis without a doctor prescription – Tadalafil price
buy cenforce [url=https://cenforce.pro/#]Cenforce 150 mg online[/url] Buy Cenforce 100mg Online
http://cenforce.pro/# cenforce for sale
buy cenforce: order cenforce – buy cenforce
Kamagra tablets [url=http://kamagra.win/#]Kamagra tablets[/url] buy Kamagra
super kamagra [url=https://kamagra.win/#]kamagra pills[/url] Kamagra 100mg price
Sildenafil 100mg price: Cheapest place to buy Viagra – Viagra generic over the counter
Buy Vardenafil 20mg: Cheap Levitra online – Vardenafil price
cenforce.pro [url=https://cenforce.pro/#]Buy Cenforce 100mg Online[/url] cenforce.pro
buy cenforce: cenforce.pro – Purchase Cenforce Online
https://viagras.online/# Viagra generic over the counter
https://viagras.online/# Sildenafil Citrate Tablets 100mg
https://viagras.online/# cheap viagra
order cenforce [url=https://cenforce.pro/#]cheapest cenforce[/url] cenforce for sale
Buy Cialis online: Tadalafil Tablet – Buy Tadalafil 20mg
https://cenforce.pro/# Cenforce 150 mg online
order viagra: Buy Viagra online cheap – Generic Viagra online
order viagra [url=https://viagras.online/#]Buy Viagra online[/url] Order Viagra 50 mg online
purple pharmacy mexico price list [url=http://pharmmexico.online/#]mexican rx online[/url] п»їbest mexican online pharmacies
buy prescription drugs from india: reputable indian pharmacies – best india pharmacy
buy drugs online without prescription: buying prescription drugs online from canada – online medication no prescription
https://pharmnoprescription.icu/# online pharmacy without prescription
buy drugs without prescription [url=http://pharmnoprescription.icu/#]canada pharmacy without prescription[/url] best online pharmacy without prescriptions
https://pharmcanada.shop/# canadian pharmacy india
canadian world pharmacy: my canadian pharmacy – canada drugs
mexican mail order pharmacies: purple pharmacy mexico price list – mexico pharmacies prescription drugs
canada pharmacy online [url=http://pharmcanada.shop/#]canadian discount pharmacy[/url] canada ed drugs
http://pharmmexico.online/# reputable mexican pharmacies online
best online pharmacies without prescription: buy pain meds online without prescription – online drugs without prescription
mexican rx online [url=http://pharmmexico.online/#]mexico pharmacy[/url] medicine in mexico pharmacies
Online medicine home delivery: indian pharmacy – indianpharmacy com
http://pharmcanada.shop/# canada pharmacy online
top online pharmacy india [url=http://pharmindia.online/#]india pharmacy[/url] buy medicines online in india
non prescription pharmacy: buy medication online with prescription – online pharmacy reviews no prescription
https://pharmworld.store/# legal online pharmacy coupon code
online pharmacy that does not require a prescription: non prescription online pharmacy india – buy prescription drugs without a prescription
reputable indian online pharmacy [url=http://pharmindia.online/#]india online pharmacy[/url] mail order pharmacy india
legitimate canadian pharmacies: canadian 24 hour pharmacy – canadianpharmacyworld
online medication without prescription: buy drugs online without prescription – buy pain meds online without prescription
https://pharmnoprescription.icu/# online pharmacy without prescription
top 10 online pharmacy in india: top 10 online pharmacy in india – indian pharmacy online
https://pharmnoprescription.icu/# online drugs no prescription
mexican pharmaceuticals online [url=https://pharmmexico.online/#]pharmacies in mexico that ship to usa[/url] buying from online mexican pharmacy
http://amoxila.pro/# amoxicillin 500 mg without prescription
amoxicillin buy no prescription: buy amoxicillin 500mg usa – amoxicillin 500 mg tablet price
can you buy prednisone without a prescription [url=https://prednisoned.online/#]buy prednisone online paypal[/url] drug prices prednisone
amoxicillin no prescription: order amoxicillin online – amoxicillin price without insurance
doxy: doxycycline 100 mg – doxycycline 100mg capsules
over the counter prednisone pills: buy prednisone online usa – prednisone price australia
amoxicillin from canada: order amoxicillin online uk – can you purchase amoxicillin online
order neurontin: neurontin 50 mg – neurontin prescription medication
doxycycline pills: price of doxycycline – order doxycycline 100mg without prescription
generic for doxycycline [url=https://doxycyclinea.online/#]purchase doxycycline online[/url] 200 mg doxycycline
where can i buy amoxicillin over the counter uk: amoxicillin 500 mg tablet price – how much is amoxicillin prescription
https://zithromaxa.store/# where can i buy zithromax in canada
doxycycline order online [url=http://doxycyclinea.online/#]doxycycline mono[/url] doxycycline hydrochloride 100mg
prednisone brand name india: 5 mg prednisone tablets – prednisone 5mg capsules
buy zithromax without presc: where can i buy zithromax in canada – zithromax 600 mg tablets
https://amoxila.pro/# amoxicillin cephalexin
order amoxicillin 500mg [url=https://amoxila.pro/#]can you buy amoxicillin over the counter[/url] amoxicillin 500 mg without a prescription
amoxicillin 500mg price in canada: order amoxicillin uk – order amoxicillin online
buy doxycycline online [url=http://doxycyclinea.online/#]buy doxycycline without prescription[/url] doxycycline generic
neurontin for sale: neurontin cost – neurontin generic south africa
buy neurontin 100 mg canada [url=http://gabapentinneurontin.pro/#]medication neurontin 300 mg[/url] neurontin pills
http://amoxila.pro/# amoxicillin 775 mg
prednisone 500 mg tablet: prednisone 5084 – prednisone price
zithromax online: order zithromax without prescription – zithromax 500 mg for sale
https://amoxila.pro/# amoxicillin 500 mg purchase without prescription
amoxicillin online without prescription: where can i buy amoxicillin without prec – generic amoxicillin cost
neurontin pills for sale: buy neurontin canadian pharmacy – neurontin 4 mg
amoxicillin 500 [url=http://amoxila.pro/#]can i buy amoxicillin over the counter[/url] amoxicillin 500mg
https://amoxila.pro/# can i buy amoxicillin online
neurontin brand coupon: neurontin 600mg – neurontin online usa
zithromax generic cost [url=https://zithromaxa.store/#]purchase zithromax z-pak[/url] zithromax 500 mg
purchase doxycycline online: where to purchase doxycycline – doxycycline 100mg online
http://prednisoned.online/# prednisone 20mg tab price
doxycycline tetracycline: generic for doxycycline – buy generic doxycycline
where can i get zithromax: zithromax 500 price – zithromax 250 mg tablet price
generic for doxycycline [url=https://doxycyclinea.online/#]cheap doxycycline online[/url] doxycycline online
prednisone 10mg: prednisone buy canada – prednisone uk price
over the counter amoxicillin canada [url=https://amoxila.pro/#]amoxicillin 500mg price canada[/url] amoxicillin online canada
http://zithromaxa.store/# zithromax online no prescription
buy cheap amoxicillin online: amoxicillin brand name – prescription for amoxicillin
where can i buy zithromax uk [url=https://zithromaxa.store/#]how to get zithromax[/url] how to get zithromax online
https://zithromaxa.store/# where can i get zithromax
doxycycline 100mg online: doxycycline 50 mg – vibramycin 100 mg
doxycycline 150 mg [url=http://doxycyclinea.online/#]doxycycline monohydrate[/url] 100mg doxycycline
https://doxycyclinea.online/# doxycycline order online
cortisol prednisone: prednisone in uk – order prednisone 10mg
prednisone 2 5 mg [url=http://prednisoned.online/#]prednisone 50 mg canada[/url] order prednisone 100g online without prescription
neurontin price australia: prescription price for neurontin – neurontin price
https://zithromaxa.store/# cost of generic zithromax
zithromax antibiotic without prescription: zithromax 1000 mg online – buy generic zithromax online
amoxicillin generic: how much is amoxicillin – where to buy amoxicillin
neurontin 300mg caps [url=http://gabapentinneurontin.pro/#]neurontin 300 mg[/url] neurontin prescription coupon
https://amoxila.pro/# where can you buy amoxicillin over the counter
zithromax tablets for sale [url=https://zithromaxa.store/#]generic zithromax 500mg[/url] zithromax purchase online
doxycycline tetracycline: doxycycline hydrochloride 100mg – price of doxycycline
best online pharmacies in mexico [url=https://mexicanpharmacy1st.online/#]best online pharmacies in mexico[/url] medicine in mexico pharmacies
mexican border pharmacies shipping to usa [url=https://mexicanpharmacy1st.shop/#]mexican mail order pharmacies[/url] medicine in mexico pharmacies
purple pharmacy mexico price list: best online pharmacies in mexico – mexico drug stores pharmacies
buying prescription drugs in mexico online: buying prescription drugs in mexico online – buying prescription drugs in mexico
medication from mexico pharmacy: buying prescription drugs in mexico – mexican rx online
buying prescription drugs in mexico online [url=http://mexicanpharmacy1st.com/#]mexican pharmaceuticals online[/url] mexican mail order pharmacies
buying prescription drugs in mexico online: best online pharmacies in mexico – buying prescription drugs in mexico
https://mexicanpharmacy1st.online/# mexico drug stores pharmacies
mexico drug stores pharmacies [url=https://mexicanpharmacy1st.online/#]mexican mail order pharmacies[/url] best online pharmacies in mexico
buying from online mexican pharmacy: mexico drug stores pharmacies – mexico pharmacies prescription drugs
http://mexicanpharmacy1st.com/# medicine in mexico pharmacies
mexican border pharmacies shipping to usa [url=https://mexicanpharmacy1st.com/#]best online pharmacies in mexico[/url] best online pharmacies in mexico
mexican border pharmacies shipping to usa: mexican drugstore online – buying from online mexican pharmacy
https://mexicanpharmacy1st.online/# п»їbest mexican online pharmacies
https://mexicanpharmacy1st.online/# п»їbest mexican online pharmacies
purple pharmacy mexico price list [url=https://mexicanpharmacy1st.com/#]buying prescription drugs in mexico online[/url] buying prescription drugs in mexico online
mexican pharmaceuticals online: mexican rx online – mexico drug stores pharmacies
medication from mexico pharmacy: mexico pharmacies prescription drugs – buying from online mexican pharmacy
http://mexicanpharmacy1st.com/# mexican border pharmacies shipping to usa
mexico drug stores pharmacies [url=https://mexicanpharmacy1st.shop/#]medication from mexico pharmacy[/url] purple pharmacy mexico price list
mexican border pharmacies shipping to usa: mexico drug stores pharmacies – mexican mail order pharmacies
https://mexicanpharmacy1st.shop/# medicine in mexico pharmacies
http://mexicanpharmacy1st.com/# mexico pharmacy
buying prescription drugs in mexico online [url=http://mexicanpharmacy1st.com/#]buying prescription drugs in mexico[/url] medicine in mexico pharmacies
buying prescription drugs in mexico online: buying prescription drugs in mexico – best online pharmacies in mexico
https://mexicanpharmacy1st.online/# buying from online mexican pharmacy
mexico pharmacies prescription drugs: buying prescription drugs in mexico online – pharmacies in mexico that ship to usa
pharmacies in mexico that ship to usa [url=https://mexicanpharmacy1st.online/#]buying prescription drugs in mexico online[/url] mexican border pharmacies shipping to usa
lisinopril 120 mg [url=https://lisinopril.club/#]lisinopril 10 mg tablet cost[/url] zestoretic 20 12.5
https://propeciaf.online/# propecia generic
http://gabapentin.club/# neurontin 300
buying propecia online: buy propecia – get cheap propecia
where can i get clomid now [url=https://clomiphene.shop/#]get generic clomid tablets[/url] how to buy clomid for sale
cost of propecia without insurance [url=http://propeciaf.online/#]cost of propecia pills[/url] buying propecia price
buy neurontin online uk: neurontin 800 mg price – buying neurontin without a prescription
neurontin generic: neurontin 100 mg caps – neurontin 800mg
http://clomiphene.shop/# where buy cheap clomid pill
neurontin uk: neurontin canada – canada neurontin 100mg discount
lisinopril brand name australia [url=https://lisinopril.club/#]zestril 5 mg price[/url] lisinopril 1.25
http://lisinopril.club/# lisinopril 2.5 mg coupon
cytotec pills buy online: cytotec buy online usa – buy cytotec over the counter
http://cytotec.xyz/# Cytotec 200mcg price
generic neurontin 300 mg: neurontin for sale online – neurontin 300 mg tablet
order propecia [url=http://propeciaf.online/#]buy propecia price[/url] cost cheap propecia online
http://cytotec.xyz/# buy cytotec online
https://lisinopril.club/# buy lisinopril online uk
how to buy generic clomid for sale [url=https://clomiphene.shop/#]buy generic clomid without rx[/url] where to get cheap clomid prices
buy cytotec over the counter: cytotec online – п»їcytotec pills online
http://gabapentin.club/# neurontin tablets no script
buying cheap propecia price [url=https://propeciaf.online/#]buy propecia prices[/url] propecia order
lisinopril 5mg [url=https://lisinopril.club/#]lisinopril 40mg prescription cost[/url] lisinopril drug
https://gabapentin.club/# neurontin medication
order cytotec online: purchase cytotec – cytotec online
http://cheapestindia.com/# top 10 pharmacies in india
medicine in mexico pharmacies [url=https://cheapestmexico.shop/#]medication from mexico pharmacy[/url] п»їbest mexican online pharmacies
http://cheapestindia.com/# Online medicine order
https://cheapestmexico.shop/# buying prescription drugs in mexico online
no prescription drugs online [url=https://cheapestandfast.shop/#]indian pharmacy no prescription[/url] canadian pharmacy prescription
http://cheapestindia.com/# reputable indian pharmacies
prescription drugs online [url=https://36and6health.shop/#]36 and 6 pharmacy[/url] cheapest pharmacy to fill prescriptions without insurance
https://cheapestindia.shop/# buy prescription drugs from india
https://cheapestandfast.com/# no prescription needed pharmacy
https://cheapestandfast.com/# online canadian pharmacy no prescription
canadian pharmacy discount coupon [url=http://36and6health.com/#]36 and 6 health online pharmacy[/url] online pharmacy no prescription needed
https://cheapestcanada.shop/# canadian drugs pharmacy
trustworthy canadian pharmacy: canadian pharmacy 24h com – canadian pharmacy in canada
canada mail order prescription [url=https://cheapestandfast.com/#]cheapest & fast pharmacy[/url] online drugs no prescription
https://cheapestindia.shop/# pharmacy website india
online pharmacy without prescription [url=http://36and6health.com/#]best no prescription pharmacy[/url] international pharmacy no prescription
https://cheapestindia.com/# indian pharmacies safe
http://cheapestcanada.com/# the canadian drugstore
drugstore com online pharmacy prescription drugs [url=http://36and6health.com/#]canada pharmacy coupon[/url] best online pharmacy no prescription
http://cheapestindia.com/# indian pharmacies safe
https://cheapestcanada.shop/# canadian pharmacy near me
https://cheapestcanada.com/# canada pharmacy online
online medication without prescription [url=https://cheapestandfast.shop/#]cheapest & fast pharmacy[/url] canadian and international prescription service
mexican mail order pharmacies: reputable mexican pharmacies online – п»їbest mexican online pharmacies
http://cheapestcanada.com/# canadian pharmacy store
http://cheapestindia.com/# mail order pharmacy india
https://cheapestindia.shop/# world pharmacy india
medication from mexico pharmacy [url=https://cheapestmexico.com/#]pharmacies in mexico that ship to usa[/url] mexican pharmacy
http://36and6health.com/# international pharmacy no prescription